• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A method in driving a vehicle having a propulsion system comprising a combustion engine with an output shaft (2a), a gearbox (3) with an input shaft (3a), an electric machine (9) comprising a stator and a rotor, and a planetary gear comprising a sun gear (10), a ring gear (11 ) and a planet wheel carrier (12). The vehicle is driven with the members of the planetary gear interlocked. The planetary gear is brought to the releasing position by controlling the torque of the electric machine and of the combustion engine towards torque balance in the planetary gear and the planetary gear is then transferred to the free position.
    公开号:SE1250700A1
    申请号:SE1250700
    申请日:2012-06-27
    公开日:2013-12-28
    发明作者:Niklas Pettersson；Mikael Bergquist；Johan Lindstroem；Anders Kjell；Mathias Bjoerkman
    申请人:Scania Cv Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    If the input shaft of the gearbox is connected to a planetary gear, the conventional coupling mechanism and the said disadvantages thereof can be avoided. A vehicle with a drive system of this type is known from EP 1 319 546.
    There is, of course, a constant effort to improve the way of driving a vehicle with such a drive system in terms of energy efficiency and, when braking the vehicle, regenerates as much of the braking energy as possible. It is also precisely because it is most advantageous in terms of energy during positive moments in the driveline formed by the drive system that such a vehicle is driven with the locking means in the locking position.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a method of initially defined kind which is in line with the above-mentioned aim. This object is achieved according to the invention by providing a method according to appended claim 1.
    In some situations it is desirable and in others absolutely necessary that the planetary gear be transferred to the free position, i.e. the locking means is transferred to the release position. An example of this is when braking towards a stop, in order to be able to brake with the electric machine when the input shaft of the gearbox rotates more slowly than the first component at the idle speed of the internal combustion engine. During certain shifts, it is desired to set the planetary gear in the free position for performance reasons. In addition, at low torques in the driveline, it is often fuel-efficient to drive the vehicle with the free plane. By according to the invention torque control the electric machine and the internal combustion engine against torque balance in the planetary gear, the planetary gear can be transmitted from locked to free state at the same time as torque is transmitted through it, i.e. without torque interruption. This is advantageous from the point of view of ride comfort but also from the point of view of energy efficiency.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the method is carried out on a vehicle with a drive system with the sun gear as said first component and the ring wheel as said third component, and such a drive system is described in the as yet unpublished SE 1051384-4 and has a number of advantages over the drive system. according to the above-mentioned EP 1 319 546, in which the ring gear is the first component and the sun gear the third component. By connecting the electric machine to the ring gear and the output shaft of the internal combustion engine to the sun gear, a compact construction is achieved that is easy to fit into existing spaces for drivelines (drive systems) with clutch mechanisms instead of planetary gears. Thus, a hybridized gearbox can be made size and weight compatible with a standard gearbox and standardized interfaces can be maintained. This means that the weight gain that a hybridization normally entails can be significantly reduced. Another advantage is that a connection of the electric machine to the ring gear gives a higher possible braking torque via this than if it were instead connected to the sun gear.
    According to another embodiment of the invention, it is the sun gear and the planet gear holder which are locked together by said locking means and are released to be allowed to rotate at different speeds. In this place, it is easy to provide a locking means that can be operated reliably with simple means. In this way, less torque is transmitted via the planet wheels. Only the steps of the electric machine are then transmitted via them.
    The invention also relates to a computer program having the features listed in claim 4, a computer software product having the features listed in claim 5, an electronic control unit having the features listed in claim 6 and a vehicle according to claim 7.
    Other advantageous features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS An exemplary embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a very simplified view of a driveline of a vehicle on which a method according to the invention is feasible, Fig. 2 is a more detailed, yet simplified view of a part of a said drive system, Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an electronic control unit for implementing a method according to the invention, and Fig. 4 is a flow diagram illustrating a method according to an embodiment of the invention.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Fig. 1 shows a driveline for a heavy vehicle 1. The driveline comprises an internal combustion engine 2, a gearbox 3, a number of drive shafts 4 and drive wheels 5. Between the internal combustion engine 2 and the gearbox 3 a drive line comprises Fig. 2 shows the components of the intermediate portion 6 in more detail. The internal combustion engine 2 is provided with an output shaft 2a and the gearbox 3 with an input shaft 3a in the intermediate portion 6. The output shaft 2a of the internal combustion engine is coaxially arranged in relation to the input shaft 3a of the gearbox. The output shaft 2a of the internal combustion engine and the input shaft 3a of the gearbox are rotatably arranged about a common axis of rotation 7. The intermediate portion 6 comprises a housing 8 enclosing an electric machine 9 and a planetary gear. The electric machine 9 usually comprises a stator 9a and a rotor 9b. The stator 9a comprises a stator core which is suitably attached to the inside of the housing 8. The stator core includes the stator windings. The electric machine 9 is adapted to use stored electrical energy during certain operating times to supply driving force to the input shaft 3a of the gearbox and during other operating uses the kinetic energy of the input shaft 3 of the gearbox to extract and store electrical energy.
    The planetary gear is arranged substantially radially inside the stator 9a and rotor 9b of the electric machine. The planetary gear usually comprises a sun gear 10, a ring gear 11 and a planet gear holder 12. The planet gear holder 12 carries a number of gears 13 which are rotatably arranged in a radial space between the teeth of the sun wheel 10 and the ring gear 11. The sun gear 10 is attached to a peripheral surface of the output shaft 2a of the internal combustion engine. The sun gear and the output shaft 2a of the internal combustion engine rotate as a unit with a first speed n1. The planet gear holder 12 comprises a mounting portion 12a which is fixed on a peripheral surface of the input shaft 3a of the gearbox by means of a splines joint 14. By means of this joint, the planet gear holder 12 and the input shaft 3a of the gearbox can rotate as a unit with a second speed n2. The ring wheel 11 comprises an outer peripheral surface on which the rotor 9b is fixedly mounted. The rotor 9b and the ring gear 11 constitute a rotatable unit which rotates at a third speed ns.
    The drive system comprises a locking means in that the output shaft 2a of the internal combustion engine is provided with a displaceable coupling member 15. The coupling member 15 is attached to the output shaft 2a of the internal combustion engine by means of a splines joint 16. The coupling member 15 is in this case rotatably arranged on the output shaft 2a of the internal combustion engine and slidably arranged in an axial direction on the output shaft 2a of the internal combustion engine. The coupling member 15 comprises a coupling portion 15a which is connectable to a coupling portion 12b of the planet gear holder 12. A schematically shown displacing member 17 is adapted to displace the coupling member 15 between a first position when the coupling portions 15a, 12b are not in engagement with each other corresponding to a release position of the locking means and a second position when the coupling portions 15a, 12b are in engagement with each other corresponding to a locking position of the locking means. In this locking position, the output shaft 2a of the internal combustion engine and the input shaft 3a of the gearbox will be locked together and thus these and the rotor of the electric machine will rotate at the same speed. This condition can be called a locked plane. The locking mechanism may also comprise a sleeve provided with first splines which in the release position engages with second splines on a first component of the planetary gear and in the locking position engages with third splines on a second component of the planetary gear. The first component in this case is preferably the planet gear holder and the second component the sun gear. The locking mechanism can then be designed as an annular sleeve which substantially concentrically encloses the planetary gear holder.
    An electric control unit 18 is designed to control the displacement member 17. The control unit 18 is also designed to determine at which times the electric machine should work as a motor and at which times it should work as a generator. To determine this, the control unit 18 can receive current information on suitable operating parameters. The control unit 18 may be a computer with software for this purpose. The control unit 18 controls a schematically shown control equipment 19 which regulates the flow of electrical energy between a hybrid battery 20 and the stator windings 9a of the electrical machine. At times when the electric machine 9 operates as a motor, stored electrical energy is supplied from the hybrid battery 20 to the stator 9a. At times when the electric machine operates as a generator, electrical energy is supplied from the stator 9a to the hybrid battery 20. The hybrid battery 20 supplies and stores electrical energy with a voltage of the order of 300-700 volts. When the intermediate portion 6 between the internal combustion engine 2 and the gearbox 3 in a vehicle is limited, it is required that the electric machine 9 and the planetary gearbox constitute a compact unit. The components of the planetary gear 10, 11, 12 are arranged here substantially radially inside the stator 9a of the electric machine. The rotor 9b of the electric machine, the ring gear 11 of the planetary gear, the output shaft 2a of the internal combustion engine and the input shaft 3a of the gearbox are here rotatably arranged around a common axis of rotation 5. With such an embodiment the electric machine 9 and the planetary gear occupy a relatively small space.
    The vehicle 1 is equipped with an engine control function 21 with which the speed n1 of the internal combustion engine 2 can be regulated. The control unit 18 thus has the possibility of activating the motor control function 21 and creating a torque-free state in the gearbox 3 when loading and unloading gears in the gearbox 3. Of course, instead of being controlled by a single control unit 18, the drive system can be controlled by several different control units.
    When the procedure is started, the vehicle is driven with the locking means in the locking position.
    This means that all three components of the planetary gear rotate at the same speed. Then a need to transfer the locking means to the release position is detected.
    Then the process begins by deciding that the locking means should be transferred to the release position, whereupon the control unit 18 controls the electric machine 9 to apply via the ring gear 11 a first torque on the input shaft Ba of the gearbox corresponding to the required drive system torque and on the other hand the planetary gear ratio and at the same time the control unit 21 controls the internal combustion engine 2 to apply a second torque to the input shaft 3a of the gearbox which corresponds to the product of on the one hand requested drive system torque and on the other hand (1-planetary gear ratio). In this case, the gear ratio of the planetary gear is the number of teeth of the ring gear / (the number of teeth of the sun gear + the number of teeth of the ring wheel), when it is the sun wheel connected to the output shaft of the internal combustion engine and the ring wheel to the rotor of the electric machine. Consequently, the electric machine and the internal combustion engine are torque controlled against torque balance in the planetary gear. When the torque balance has been reached, the locking means is transferred to the release position by displacing the coupling member 15. Thus, by the method according to the invention, the planetary gear has been able to be transferred from locked to free position at the same time as torque is transmitted via it.
    The above has a number of different reasons why this may be desired to be done while driving a mentioned vehicle mentioned, and a further reason may be that the free position can be used to skip gear steps during acceleration of the vehicle. In such a case, the method according to the invention can be carried out when it is time to shift up, whereupon it is further accelerated by means of the larger speed range of the electric machine, whereupon synchronization of the speed of the input shaft of the gearbox with the shaft speed of a higher gear in the gearbox takes place before this gear is finally engaged.
    Computer program code for implementing a method according to the invention is suitably included in a computer program which can be read into the internal memory of a computer, such as the internal memory of an electronic control unit of a motor vehicle. Such a computer program is suitably provided via a computer program product comprising a data storage medium which can be read by an electronic control unit, which data storage medium has the computer program stored thereon. Said data storage medium is, for example, an optical data storage medium in the form of a CD-ROM, a DVD disc, etc., a magnetic data storage medium in the form of a hard disk, a floppy disk, a cassette tape, etc., or a flash memory or a memory of type ROM, PROM, EPROM or EEPROM.
    Fig. 3 very schematically illustrates an electronic control unit 40 comprising an execution means 41, such as a central processing unit (CPU), for executing computer software. The execution means 41 communicates with a memory 42, for example of the RAM type, via a data bus 43. The control unit 40 also comprises data storage medium 44, for example in the form of a Flash memory or a memory of the type ROM, PROM, EPROM or EEPROM. The execution means 41 communicates with the data storage medium 44 via the data bus 43. A computer program comprising computer program code for implementing a method according to the invention, for example in accordance with the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 4, is stored on the data storage medium 44.
    The invention is of course not in any way limited to the embodiments described above, but a number of possibilities for modifications thereof should be obvious to a person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
    The locking means may be designed to lock together any two of said three components.
    A transmission could be arranged between the rotor and the ring gear and also between the output shaft of the internal combustion engine and the sun gear, such as upstream of the shaft shown in the figures connected to the sun gear. The latter transmission could also consist of a variable gear.
    It would also be conceivable for the process to be carried out on a vehicle with the ring gear as the first component and the sun gear as the third component, although the opposite would often be preferred by the above-mentioned advantages thereof.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    A method of driving a vehicle with a drive system comprising an internal combustion engine (2) with an output shaft (2a), a gearbox (3) with an input shaft (3a), an electric risk machine (9) comprising a stator (9a) and a rotor (9b), and a planetary gear comprising three components in the form of a sun gear (10), a ring gear (11) and a planet gear holder (12), the output shaft (2a) of the internal combustion engine being connected to a first of said components of the planetary gear so that a rotation of this shaft leads to a rotation of this component, the input shaft (3a) of the gearbox being connected to a second of said components. of a planetary gear so that a rotation of this shaft leads to a rotation of this component and the rotor (9b) of the electric machine is connected to a third of said components of the planetary gear so that a rotation of the rotor leads to a rotation of this component , wherein the drive system further comprises a locking means transferable between a locking position in which two of said components are locked together so that the three components (10-12) rotate at the same speed and a release position in which the components are allowed to rotate at different speeds, and wherein the process is started when the vehicle is driven with the locking means in the locking position, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: a) deciding that the locking means is to be transferred to the release position, b) controlling the electric machine (9) to apply a first torque corresponding to the product of on-one-hand drive system torque and on the other hand, the gear ratio of the planetary gear and simultaneous control of the internal combustion engine (2) to apply a second torque corresponding to the product of the drive system torque demanded on the one hand and the gear ratio of the 1-planetary gear), and 10 15 20 25 30 11 c ) transfer of the locking means to the release position when both said first and second torques have been reached and thus torque balance r vein planetary gear. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it is a vehicle with said drive system with the sun gear (10) as said first component and the ring wheel (11) as said third component on which the method is performed. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is the sun gear (10) and the planet gear holder (12) which are locked together by said locking means and in step c) are released to be allowed to rotate at different speeds. Computer programs comprising computer program code for causing a computer to implement a method according to any one of claims 1-3 when the computer program code is executed in the computer. A computer program product comprising a data storage medium readable by a computer, the computer program code of a computer program according to claim 4 being stored on the data storage medium. Electronic control unit of a motor vehicle comprising an execution means, a memory (42) connected to the execution means (41) and a data storage medium (44) connected to the execution means, the computer program code of a computer program according to claim 4 being stored on said data storage medium ( 44). Vehicle comprising an electronic control unit according to claim 6.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
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    CN104487304A|2015-04-01|
    US9327714B2|2016-05-03|
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    EP2867083A1|2015-05-06|
    BR112014031921A2|2017-06-27|
    KR20150023865A|2015-03-05|
    US20150149013A1|2015-05-28|
    RU2015102350A|2016-08-10|
    WO2014003657A1|2014-01-03|
    SE538472C2|2016-07-12|
    IN2014DN10775A|2015-09-04|
    EP2867083B1|2019-10-09|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US9771059B2|2013-12-23|2017-09-26|Scania Cv Ab|Method of supplying electrical appliances of a vehicle|
    US9937920B2|2013-12-23|2018-04-10|Scania Cv Ab|Propulsion system for a vehicle|
    US10246082B2|2013-12-23|2019-04-02|Scania Cv Ab|Propulsion system for a vehicle|
    US10266172B2|2013-12-23|2019-04-23|Scania Cv Ab|Propulsion system for a vehicle|
    US10604142B2|2013-12-23|2020-03-31|Scania Cv Ab|Method for control of a propulsion system of a vehicle, a propulsion system, a computer program product and a vehicle|US5343970A|1992-09-21|1994-09-06|Severinsky Alex J|Hybrid electric vehicle|
    DE10021025A1|2000-05-02|2001-11-15|Bosch Gmbh Robert|Gearboxes, in particular for motor vehicles|
    EP1316460A1|2001-11-30|2003-06-04|Ford Global Technologies, Inc.|Method and arrangement for controlling the power-split of a hybrid electric vehicle|
    DE50103908D1|2001-12-12|2004-11-04|Siemens Ag|Drive device for a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine, a starter generator and a manual transmission|
    JP3744496B2|2003-01-29|2006-02-08|トヨタ自動車株式会社|Internal combustion engine for switching compression ratio while using electric motor, and control method for internal combustion engine|
    DE102004005349A1|2004-02-02|2005-08-18|Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh|hybrid engine|
    DE102006003724A1|2006-01-26|2007-08-02|Zf Friedrichshafen Ag|Method for controlling a vehicle drive string comprises synchronizing the revolution difference using an electric machine whilst producing a torque acting positively in the rotary direction of the camshaft of the engine|
    DE102006003711A1|2006-01-26|2007-08-02|Zf Friedrichshafen Ag|Method for control of vehicle with internal combustion engine and electric drive, comprises proportional reduction of torque at both drives|
    JP4211831B2|2006-09-14|2009-01-21|トヨタ自動車株式会社|HYBRID VEHICLE, HYBRID VEHICLE CONTROL METHOD, AND COMPUTER-READABLE RECORDING MEDIUM CONTAINING PROGRAM FOR CAUSING COMPUTER TO EXECUTE THE CONTROL METHOD|
    CN100519246C|2006-12-27|2009-07-29|上海汽车集团股份有限公司|Driving system for mixed power automobile and operation method thereof|
    DE102008034228A1|2008-07-23|2009-03-12|Daimler Ag|Continuous gearing system for hybrid vehicles comprises an electric machine for driving at least one of the gear wheels to adjust the revolution ratio between the input shaft and the output shaft|
    US8747265B2|2009-03-30|2014-06-10|Honda Motor Co., Ltd.|Power transmitting device for hybrid vehicle|
    DE102009002918A1|2009-05-08|2010-11-11|Zf Friedrichshafen Ag|Method for operating drive train of motor vehicle, involves carrying out arrangements for executing switching mechanism by actual path in reference path|
    JP5427110B2|2010-05-25|2014-02-26|川崎重工業株式会社|Construction machine and control method thereof|
    KR101251512B1|2010-12-06|2013-04-05|기아자동차주식회사|Shifting control method of hybrid vehicle|
    SE536329C2|2010-12-29|2013-08-20|Scania Cv Ab|Drive system for a vehicle|SE541356C2|2017-04-21|2019-08-13|Scania Cv Ab|Method and control arrangement for controlling vehicle free-wheel with engine off and power steering|
    DE102017214905B4|2017-08-25|2021-04-01|Audi Ag|Method for operating a differential gear device for a motor vehicle|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1250700A|SE538472C2|2012-06-27|2012-06-27|Control of locking means in planetary gear by means of an electric machine|SE1250700A| SE538472C2|2012-06-27|2012-06-27|Control of locking means in planetary gear by means of an electric machine|
    PCT/SE2013/050775| WO2014003657A1|2012-06-27|2013-06-26|Method for simultaneous control of torque from combustion engine and electric machine in a hybrid vehicle|
    IN10775DEN2014| IN2014DN10775A|2012-06-27|2013-06-26|
    RU2015102350/11A| RU2598653C2|2012-06-27|2013-06-26|Method for simultaneous torque control of internal combustion engine and electrical machine in hybrid vehicle|
    BR112014031921-9A| BR112014031921B1|2012-06-27|2013-06-26|DRIVE METHOD OF VEHICLE THAT HAS A PROPULSION SYSTEM, DATA STORAGE MEANS, ELECTRONIC CONTROL UNIT AND VEHICLE|
    CN201380039639.4A| CN104487304B|2012-06-27|2013-06-26|Method for simultaneous control of torque from combustion engine and electric machine in a hybrid vehicle|
    EP13810234.8A| EP2867083B1|2012-06-27|2013-06-26|Method for simultaneous control of torque from combustion engine and electric machine in a hybrid vehicle|
    US14/410,611| US9327714B2|2012-06-27|2013-06-26|Method for simultaneous control of torque from combustion engine and electric machine in a hybrid vehicle|
    KR20157001807A| KR20150023865A|2012-06-27|2013-06-26|Method for simultaneous control of torque from combustion engine and electric machine in a hybrid vehicle|
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